Process and composition of matter for coloring mortars



COATING R PLASTIC.

of a process whereby the desired results can be 0 m ullfd n:

manna N155 1923 UNITED STATES LAGIHIHUI PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK I. HALDEMAN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE MASTER BUILDERS COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

PROCESS AND COMPOSITION OF MATTER FOB COLORING KOB'IABS.

Io Drawing. Application filed July 1,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANK M. HALDEMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Processes and Composition of Matter for Coloring Mortars, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to the coloring of mortars in which term I include all com positions based upon lime natural cement or Portland cement warn-51mm wa er an su sequently harden into a solid mass, whether used for binding other materials together or for facing interior or exterior walls or floors. The objects of the invention are the provision of a composition of matter and process whereby the finished structure can be given a bright and uniform color of any desired hue, and this not only without decreasing of its strength, but in fact with a decided acceleration in its setting and a decrease in its porosity; the provision man pigmen' "ci'tofor ji navaiiable can'b'e'use and many shades heretofore unavailable can be secured; the provision of a new composition of matter for coloring cement and mortar structures; while further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds.

Heretofore it has been the almost universal practice when mortars or concrete were to be colored, to mix a roughly ground pigment with the aggregate and other solid ingredients in the dry state, after which the whole mass was wetted with water in the same way as though no coloring were employed. In order to secure any noticeable shade a very large amount of pigment was required and inasmuch as this was seldom or never mixed uniformly with the other ingredients the color was frequently streaky. In addition this large amount of forei matter materiall decreased the strength of the structure, w ile the chemical action of the ingredients due to the alkaline nature of the composition destroyed nearly all colors excepting the metallic oxides so that only a few shades were practically available.

I have discovered that if, ipsteadgf mig- Serial No. 481,968.

Linens des. d c inaaeiha aeurainit a very much smaller amount of pigment and in a very much more uniform manner, and furthermore the colors s o amed will be and remain especially bright and permanent in case a quantity of calcium chloride be dis- 11s a mum c oride solved in the liquid. has the property of faciIitati I i'g the floating or troweling of the plastic composition by reason of reventin sereati whereas in t e asence of the cal ium me a" .1 n 2- Ehj df-ide the pigment frequently sticks to the A I "1 and in addition can emp 0y W1 su cess practically the entire range of aniline colors. provided I first fix the dye upon some msoluble base such as reen earth or In 0 n of my invention I preferably prepare these colors in the paste form by grindin or mixing the same with a strong @Tsdfisdlfiti'on of aki iarhlmide. In addition to the beneficial effects which I have heretofore described, this calcium chloride has the vitally important efl'ect upon the paste of preventing all settling, hardening, caking, or drying out, whereas in the absence of this material the ground'pigment rapidly settles and solidifies into a hard, worthless mass, particularly if the container be left uncovered for a few hours as is certain to be the case on a construction job; when calcium chloride is used, however, its hydroscopic nature absolutely inhibits the drying of the material, at least under all ordinary climatic conditions, so that the substance retains for a long time e commercial use the appearance, feeling, and consistency of white ead ground in oil, and when mixed I know of ne substance other than cal- {I i f mg,

sian blue for blue, certain xf Fe a cium chloride which will exert this beneficial action upon the paste without injury to the resulting structure; and I know of no other a n am...

Having thus described my invention what I claim is:

1. The art of coloring cement mortar material which will benefit such lime .and. Which contains the step of mixing a finely cement mixture without having an injurious efl'ectiiponthe paste. I do not limit myself to any specific concentration although I find a solution of calcium chloride having a specific gravity of 1.25 to 1.37 to have an excellent strength for use in the grinding or mixing operation. The weaker solution is preferably for summer use as its effect, when mixed in the wetting liquid to the requiste quantity is to produce the beneficial action mentioned without an undue acceleration of the setting; the stronger solution is preferable for winter use when the acceleration effect is less pronounced, this being the strongest solution which will not crystallize in the cold.

As to the pigments employed I do not limit myself to the particular pigments named since almost any insoluble mineral piggalent 1 can be used. egeta e and anlma yes are mostly unavailable by reason of their solubility, and the effect of acid and alkali thereon. Thus logwood, indigo, turmeric, litmus, and cochineal are unavailable. I consider een earth or lilgb asg dygd wi th aniline or 25c lilie color ngmatter as an 1nsame mineral pi ent. Lilo not exc tide thwsemcmrei su ances in the composition for example the soa s of various fatty 159mm --the "j"c oncrete, or

fither substances employed for special purposes, but limit myself only as recited in the annexed claims and include in my invention all processes and compositions except as so recited or as limited by the prior art.

ground insoluble mi 1 1 e ra%pigment with'the" water used in mali gg t e mt'itar 'a'rfiia corporating such water wlfh the cement and aggregate prior to the settling of the pigment, the quantity of such water being suflicient to produce the desired wetting of the mixture.

2. The art of coloring mortar which contains the step of wetting the ingredients with a solution of calcium chloride having a finely ground insoluble mineral pigment suspended therein.

3. The art of coloring mortar which contains the steps of first indin an insoluble mineral pigment to an 1m aIpaBle fine'iie s s, nTiliiiiga paste'tlieredfwi li v'v'ii'te i sfii d 65:1- cium chloride, mixing such paste with a larger quantity of water, and wetting therewith a mixture of cementitious material and aggre ate.

4. composition of matter for coloring mortar containing an insoluble pigment, calcium chloride, and water.

5. A composition of matter for coloring mortar consisting of an insoluble mineral pigment ground in calcium chloride solution to an impalpable fineness and a pasty consistency.

6. A composition of matter consisting essentially of an insoluble mineral pigment, calcium chloride, and water in paste form.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

FRANK M. HALDEMAN.

MW, It wnadn 

